Expansion into Diverse Business Environment Coursework

Expansion into Diverse Business Environment - Coursework Exampleto be selected where population has unchanging k presentlyledge about big box stores but dont have much image The population at that place enjoys shopping Has the buying power Population is high ( will explain this event later on ) Will be fascinated by new retail store formats. Our servant set is now reduced to few countries which include Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nigeria, Vietnam and some more. Pakistan stands out the as the demographics and psychographics indicate a population who look up to the western lifestyle as the ideal lifestyle and are a followers of western culture. Pakistan although overall is economically weak but its a known feature that its one of those few countries where the public is much richer than the government. A detailed analysis will suck up major points of the commercial enterprise environment. ANALYSING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT There are a lot of the factors that affect the business enterpris e ,the external factors which are called the Macro-Environmental factors (beyond the control of the business) and the internal factors called the Micro-Environmental factors. Analyzing these factors in detail a conclusion can be made whether the environment is favorable for the business or not. PEST ANALYIS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND STRATEGIES A detailed analysis of the Pakistani macro environment, strategies pertaining to them along with recommendations for executing these strategies is mentioned in detail in this section. Political Factors The Government of Pakistan are feel for opportunities and investors interested to invest in infrastructure development of Pakistan and are willing to render helping hand. Although there are strict governmental policies on sale of things which are forbidden in Islam and for that policies have to be worked upon in collaboration with the government.... Expansion into Diverse business EnvironmentThe sell sector of the business is the about developing sector these days with all of the technology converged at it to extract most out of this business sector. With the highest amount of returns and compensating to major portions of countries globally retailing has laid its root deep into the business world. Now considering the facts that retailing is also divided into various sectors which cater to different needs ranging from daily household items to luxury products, from products for the stack to products tailored to match to the needs of few. Food Retailing Business & Supermarkets Food retailing is major assign holder in the retailing sector. Traditionally if we analyze the food sector retailing majority of the sales were made by supermarkets. But there has been a shift in trend which has put the handed-down supermarkets down to just a 61% share holder in food retailing and now 39% of the sales are made newer formats of stores now opening which include supercenters, warehouse clubs, convenience stores etcetera As a result of this superstores have stepped back a little introducing new varieties of services and products offered form of non-food items like electronics, cosmetics, toiletries, cutleries and services like bank atms, cafes etc. In the light of the analysis and facts mentioned Pakistan seem to offer a favorable retail market with high ROI. The political and the cultural factors offer great opportunities of harvest-feast if the strategies are implemented in a coordinated and planned manner.

Colin Crouch on Corporate Accountability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Colin ruckle on Corporate Accountability - Essay ExampleAs the discussion declares the deplume and boom phenomena will continue because the neoliberal ideology has long time implications on the decisions made by organizations. Though there is need for the interests of organisations and the public good to be pursued, the government cannot interfere in the trading operations of businesses. Likewise, organisations cannot interfere with the business policies developed by the government despite the impacts it has on its operations. Therefore, in order to spend this dilemma, Crouch argues that a nerve center ground must be achieved that brings together the profits interests of businesses with the public good. The middle ground can only be achieved through corporate social responsibility as corporations feature today grown into major actors in the public domain. In this paper, the position taken by Crouch that corporation must reduce their dominance with profit success and embrace cor porate social accountability will be evaluated. This evaluation will be based on the views adopted by some other management scholars in line with the neoliberal attitude towards corporate social responsibility. In Crouch, the impacts neoliberalism and the financial agitation on the behaviour of corporations have been addressed in the face of their accountability to the society.

Adult education and postmoderism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

giving education and postmoderism - Essay ExampleKnowledge is often constructed by men, and so women may spend a penny clog accessing it. Most knowledge is facts, figures, and well-thought-out theories (produced by men), which leaves learners, both male and female, out of the picture. Personal experiences become secondary to memorizing a set way of doing things and demonstrating how well the learner memorized it through tests and quizzes. When learning is disconnected from learners, its difficult to view as to everyday life or understand where the learner fits into the process. When learning is constructed by a male-dominated culture, that removes it even 1 more step from women learners.Women may feel they have nothing to add to the knowledge base or the learning experience. If the knowledge base is constructed by a male-dominated structure, it affects the learners and instructors, even if those are all women. Creating connections between to each one individual and the learning , and each individual and every some other individual in the learning purlieu, promotes understanding of the lessons and allows learners to both make it personal and to add to it as they see fit. Seeing each person in the schoolroom as unique and valuable enhances how much is learned, and changes the dynamic process.Another thing feminist theories are trying to overcome is the idea that women must construct identities to deal with life situations, rather than simply being themselves. When women learners have to construct a false identity in order to participate in learning environments, much of the impact of the knowledge can be lost for them. If we have to concentrate on supporting other group members during a group project, for instance, our own thoughts and feelings on the subject matter become secondary to satisfying each other on. The teacher can also experience tension in the learning environment when there are conscious or subconscious authority issues. If a teacher set s

A case of executive hypertension Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A case of executive hypertension - Essay grammatical caseBlood air pressure illustrates arterial pressure on the systemic circulation (Samia 2010). A sphygmomanometer is the device that is applied in measuring arterial pressure.d) Systolic pressure is generated by the contraction of the left ventricle. The pressure is normally amidst 100 and 140 mmHg. Blood that flows to the aorta through the left ventricle increases aortic pressure to the same train as the left ventricle (Neubauer 2007).f) Heart valves prevent blood from flowing backwards. The valves involve flaps which are based at the end of the ventricles (Newburger 2009). The valves are one way blood inlets on one ventricle side, and one way outlet on the other ventricle side. The four heart valves are tricuspid valve, aortic valve, pulmonary valve and mitral valve.g) Stenosis occurs when the blood flow from the heart is reduced through the mishap of the valve to completely open. If the valves do not close completely, it results to pulmonary regurgitation that enables blood to leak back to the ventricles (Davis 2008). vomitus enables the right ventricle to relatively harder in comparison to the left part of the heart.h) Low systolic pressure illustrates abnormally low blood pressure in the arteries. Very low blood pressure restricts the masses of blood that flows through vital organs, and thus finds dizziness and fainting. High systolic pressure occurs if the recital is more than 140mmHg. It is caused by conditions like artery stiffness and the heart valve problems (Ross 2011).i) Denises initial reading 150/95mmHg blood pressure. The reading illustrates high pressure because it is more than 140/90mmHg (Talley 2013). The hypertension is due to the high blood pressure, and can cause stroke and heart attack.j) Denises has high blood pressure because of diet and lifestyle. Hypertension may also be due to genetics and family history (Samia 2010). Stress levels at the workplace, can also lead to

Read the garduition story and after that answer the 3 question of end Essay

Read the garduition story and after that answer the 3 question of stopping point of the story - audition ExampleAngelou surprises her reader by relating her thoughts during the course of the graduation ceremony. She explains how the white politician takes the stage and insults the students by implying that the altogether jobs for which blacks are suited is manual labor and sports. The most jarring moment for the reader occurs at the end of the essay when Angelou describes the class singing the Negro National Anthem as a form of protest.2. The antediluvian patriarch disaster Angelou is describing is the tragedy of the slave being sold on the dais during the time of sla actu on the wholey in America. Angelou depicts the disgrace of this event. Professor Parsons is on the stage, but just like the slave being sold at auction, his eyes said he was no longer with us. He is detaching himself from the situation just as his ancestors did. Angelou changes the tragedy by relieving the disgr ace at the end of the ceremony. Instead of ending in tragedy as the bargain of a slave does, the graduation ceremony ends with a note of hope. As Angelou states, we were on top again.3. homogeneous Angelou, I was involved in an event in school that I greatly anticipated. I was very active in the drama club in high school. We would always put on terce plays a year, and each one was a production that took a tremendous amount of effort to create. The skilful crew would spend hours after school making sure that the sound and lighting was perfectly timed. The artwork classes at school would help paint the sets, and various students would build different sets using the tools from the woodworking class. The mothers of all the drama club students would stitch the costumes. I was always a part of the cast, in minor roles and study roles.One year, we chose a particularly difficult production, Alice in Wonderland. The costumes were very elaborate and took months to create. Because of the psychedelic nature of the play, the sets involve bright colors and

Organisational Structural Issues Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organisational Structural Issues - Case Study ExampleThe cutting commission versus the sexagenarian governmental structure always comes in clash with each other. The Regency Hotel Case is an example that depicts the essences arising in an organization after it has been acquired by a different group of investors. The Regency Hotel is shown to be a successful entity in the hotel byplay along with its eastern culture and a bureaucratic structure. The employees of the organization are satisfied and adhere to the guidances set standards and practices. Becker, the new manager, however, has different and much westernized thoughts of empowerment and risk taking. The major structural issue faced by the Regency Hotel is the transition from pure bureaucracy to complete empowerment. The old employees believe in management where as the new manager believes more in delegation and team cohesion. Team cohesion is an goal to which team members band together and remain committed to achieving team goals. (Lussier and Achua, 2010) Different organizational behavioral exercise can be used to explain the structural issues in the case at hand. Management research worker Douglas McGregor proposed possible assumptions that managers make about workers. (Bagad 2008) His possibility X and Y are well evident in the management perceptions of Becker and the previous managers of the Regency Grand hotel. Becker was a proponent of participative management style also of known as McGregors Theory Y while the old management believed in the authoritative style of management known as the Theory X. Beckers behavior can also be explained through McClellands Achievement Theory of Motivation also known as the acquired needs theory. McClelland believed that a persons needs are a resultant of life experiences and cultural background. He explains three categories of needs as need for achievement, need for affiliation and the need for power. In our case, Becker agreed with the acquired needs theo ry and believed that people cod needs to achieve goals and are motivated to perform in a more productive port if these needs are catered for in an organization. Also, the need for being affiliated made Becker keep rapport with the front end line staff, He empowered them so they control their environment and their need for power is fulfilled. Another theory that helps us understand the case in a get out manner is the Vroom Theory. One of the superior attractions of the Vroom Theory is that it recognizes the importance of various individual needs and motivation. (Koontz and Weihrich, 2007) The Vroom theory advocates management by objective, the concept that Becker wanted to introduce in the Hotel work environment. The all the above mentioned theories and their application to the case suggests that Becker was more team oriented and believed in the fact that motivation and risk taking leads to greater employee satisfaction and better results for the organization. He wanted to intro duce the element of self efficiency in the newly acquired hotel. Self efficacy refers to ones belief in ones capability to perform a specific task. (Gist, 1987) The case showed that Becker was firing by the theories when it came to the organizational structure as he believed in the modern principles and the new paradigms of organizational behavior. The new shift in the field of organizational behavior advocates a flexible organization that continuously learns and adapt. As Daft and Lewin (1993) explained in their essay the trend appears to be moving away from the paradigm within which

An Investigation into the Effects of the 2012 London Olympics Dissertation

An Investigation into the Effects of the 2012 London Olympics - Dissertation ExampleInitial Literature palingenesisThis literature study focuses on the basic theories to be considered in the influencing of an investigation into the effects of the 2012 London Olympics. This review is divided into three main sections i.e. the paradox of globalization and mending, strategy perspective, and impact of culture. The paradox of globalization and localization According to the theory of globalization and localization, the global convergence is mainly composed of convenience, low cost and juicy frequency of international communication, transportation and travel (De Wit & Meyer 2004). With the development of technology, the issue of distance has been overcome, and this has been a major boost in the Olympic games, considering that each time these games are held in different countries. This has improved the human relationship amongst countries globally since they have become more closer than before. In the recent past, globalization has become passing important expecially in the development of international strategy which includes global products and brands. With the opportunity of being the host realm of the Olympic games, London opens doors for a markets, as well as target customers for global products and brands. Although in that respect is the word sense of a standardized strategy, which might be desirable under certain conditions, we cannot ignore the fact that there are several constraints to restrict the development and implementation of a standardized strategy. Strategy perspective

Ralph Lauren Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ralph Lauren Case battleground - Essay ExampleIn the alike(p) way, there are several ways that the value of a stigmatize can be exploited for the beneficial purpose of the organisation (Keller, 2005). For Ralph Lauren, brand image is exceedingly significant. Ralph Lauren sold his tie line at higher prices than that of market prices with the assumption that customers have greater predilection for the product which is rendered at higher prices. It is because according to Ralph Lauren customers perceived that higher price refers to better quality. He diversify his business through cause retail store to attract younger generation as headspring as baby boomers that can help the brand to catch the attention of the customers. Furthermore, Ralph Lauren diversified its business from menswear to womenswear in the year 1971. In the year 1972, the Polo brand was introduced in 24 colours with the tagline E very team has its colours, Polo has 24. This progressive promotional strategy facil itated to fabricate the brand equity for Polo. Ralph Lauren concentrated on sportswear and smart fashion wears. He is believed to be the pioneer of lifestyle merchandising branding. He promoted his brand Polo very strategically. By 1980, he set up seven new stores across the markets. His brand was promoted through Hollywood movie The Great Gatsby and the costume designer was awarded Oscar for costumes. The above mentioned issue helped the brand to be recognised end-to-end the world. He considered the social as well as the cultural factors to enhance brand awareness in the American market (Hancock, 2009). Accordingly, in 1978, he introduced fragrances for both men and women. The aromas of the fragrances were apparently distinct and customers would prefer to be familiar with, even if they were not concerned about the clothing line developed by Ralph Lauren. Ralph Lauren do an advertisement campaign with the assistance of Weber (photographer) with an eye-catching tagline Rough wear- it was made to be worn, in the year of 1979, that had a strong impact on brand advertising in those days. In 1981, Ralph Lauren launched a new brand namely Santa Fe collection which facilitated the romanticism of American fantasies with cowboy outfits. In the same year, Ralph Lauren executed its own boutique in London and he became the first American designer in the European market (Hancock, 2009). Next, Ralph Lauren diversified his business towards furnishings with the tagline of How Tradition Begins. Each product under this segment has its own image in customers mind. In the year 1986, he emphasised on a flagship store in New York which can define his brands within one corporate entity. The key factors of success for Ralph Lauren are innovative ideas with the combination of networking which creates public awareness and a specific vision about the brand. 2. Evaluation of the Role of stag Association in the Companys Success Brand association is related with the customers outlook co mmitted with brand and it reflects the strategic position of the brand. Associations can provide to summarise a set of facts and specifications that would be tortuous for the customer to access and high-priced for the company to correspond. Brand association can facilitate to generate brand awareness in customers mind. A differentiating brand association is capable to assist the organisation to obtain war-ridden advantage. For instance, Ralph Lauren is synonymous with higher price

Pan-indian Confederation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pan-indian Confederation - Essay typemilitary forces seems to be favouring the U.S sides anyways. When Tecumseh set out to convince other tribes to join him, the challenge before him was non just creating an army, but arousing among the tribal people the sense of unity that might have led them to victory. out front convincing the tribes to fight for the sake of their identity and existence, he had to settle the inter-tribal conflicts and ideological differences among his own people and get them together with a strong unifying force.Tecumsehs efforts were showing results to quite an extent until Tenskwatavas remissness towards his brothers strategies led them nowhere. Amidst, all this while he was away in the south public exposure a doctrine of political and military unification, his younger brothers excitation ruined everything. Tecumsehs army was thrashed by Harrisons men. The British who supported the tribes had their own vested interests of acquiring colonial wealth, they jo ined in more for their own motives and less in support of the Indians.They fled as soon as the U.S. Army came into action. During the American Revolution U.S. had developed such a standard of political and military strengths that it was naive of Tecumsehs single army challenging them without planning an effective winning strategy. This is another reason why the U.S. army open up no difficulties in suppressing the upheaval.unity, arms, forces and above all the lack of spirit among the people itself can be incriminate of defeat. Tecumsehs speeches motivated the people, his oration influenced people from vast stretches in Canada to Mexico but ultimately it was the call from indoors among the tribes that might have made a difference and lacking this spirit the ball was never in Tecumsehs

Information systems for management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

tuition schemas for management - Essay ExampleThe deal will conclude the contribution of Information Systems in an giving medication along with the importance of authentic entropy, as the information system is based on the grapheme and size of captured data that need to be processed. As mentioned in summary, report will demonstrate a role of an information system in an organization that will capture or hoard up the data re tardyd to disciples attending Friday classes. The group of students is specified as surrogate exploiters. Consequently, the project sponsor of this group i.e. the tutor, constructed a data entry system that will collect information from surrogate users related to personal data, transport data and the data that is collected up to quintuplet weeks. Information system is defined as data converted into something valuable and usable for certain user (, DEFINITION OF INFORMATION SYSTEM). As for this project, a platform named as Joint Application Development (JA D) is constructed inwardly the system consisting of members of the group. For making the process efficient, Tuchmans model is the best option along with processing of third elements before performing i.e. storming, forming and norming. The project includes different roles of different JAD member within different stages of the project. The JAD members include users, Information technology professionals and consultants. The different roles at different stages of the project were helpful in terms of data capturing quality and authentication. Moreover, it also facilitated real world scenarios over and above the value. Data evaluation was conducted by collecting data from forms in order to use them to develop charts illustrating linkages between queries along with demographics and statistics of users of the system. Moreover, the charts and demographics also demonstrated patterns of human deportment on the system. Furthermore, continuous analyses were performed to examine the system fo r further improvements and suggestions. The name of the project will be titles as Transport System. Data Capture and Discussions If the data is not in an organized form, it will be problematical to retrieve information and knowledge from the data sources. In order to make the data useful, it must be easily accessible, quick retrievable and effectively manageable. In order to add these values to the data, it must be captures in a logical method. In figure 1, as shown in appendices, data capturing was processed with a personal detail form including attributes such as Full name, Gender and Date of birth. after(prenominal) entering the data, it was stored in the form of tables as Microsoft Access stores the data in the table and in a readable format, as shown in Figure 3 in appendices. After entering the data, daily student travel form was constructed, as shown in Figure 2 in appendices. On a periodic basis, the form was incorporated with travel modes, travel comments and travel mod es. Quality The examination of data was based on its quality in order to portray real world scenarios to an extent. The system was efficient in demonstrating elementary information related to the popular transport modes that were popular among specific genders. For instance, the tube was popular for males along with long dozen men using the tube. Although, tubes were most popular for females with twenty-two women using the tube. However, to adopt real world scenarios, flesh out inputs were required. For instance, weather forecast information, travelling of someone from somewhere etc. As people were usually late to reach to destination for many different reasons, a data check box in the system indicating

Who were the anasazi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Who were the anasazi - Essay ExampleThe Anasazi lived in masonry villages that hosted sacred places where they offered sacrifices to their gods. Indeed, this cultural group had many a(prenominal) gods. The masonry villages occupied the edges of Chaco Canyons. Apparently, access to the masonry villages was via rock climbing or by a rope. The Anasazi were farmers where they planted beans and other cereals in the dry land where corn was the stable food. They stored water in ditches that enabled them to survive during the dry seasons. Additionally, they were hunters and gatherers who sought to guard their families from drought-related effects. However, very little information about the Anasazi culture is available since archeologists can only find corroboratory evidence regarding Anasazis life. Indeed, archaeologists argue about various aspects of the Anasazi culture. For example, nobody can explain why the Anasazi bedraggled the Four Corners. Nevertheless, archaeologists agree that the Anasazi left many dwelling sites especially cliff

The investigation of RTF virus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The investigation of RTF computer virus - Essay ExampleThe individuals touch on by this virus hesitate to come forward and test themselves. Due to this, the organizations like WHO are unable to help the flock impact by this virus. People affected by RTF are unwilling to co-operate with these organizations and this in turn leads to a situation where the affected lose their lives. This is due to the undiagnosed situation and the negligence of the patients.WHO is unrivaled among the voluntary health organizations that assist and guide people to overcome and prevent themselves from diseases. This organization also helps the people affected by deadly virus and diseases and helps them in recovering. These organizations commence the help and assistance from philanthropists and they provide treatment for people who consent to from poverty. In spite of the initiatives from WHO, people are reluctant to approach path them and seek medical help. Lack of knowingness is the major problem a nd it leads to unlike severe consequences. WHO creates awareness among the people and this makes them aware of the diseases. These organizations areready to cash in ones chips money to cure these diseases and to prevent people from getting affected by these diseases. at a time people get affected by this virus, they can approach the health centers that provide treatment for this disease. WHO can non find the people affected by this deadly virus. ... To conduct such study and survey, the support and co-operation of the public is the important requirement. If the public does not support and them, it will be difficult for these voluntary organizations to help the affected. As people hesitate to let out that they are affected by RTF, the treatment becomes a problem. The hesitation is due to the cultural factors. The sexual behaviors and acts matter on the grow. People follow their culture and they are reluctant to change according to the prevailing situation. This leads to various problems and the affected people fall as victims to death. The culture is an important factor that decides the peoples behavior in the society. The culture and its activities does not allow them to Come forward if they are affected by RTF. The patients do not approach any medical centers to get them tested. Even a primary test can reveal their sickness and will prove whether they are affected by RTF. Since it is a sexually transmitted disease, people urinate more hesitation and they do not want others to know about their illness. This is due to the cultural shape and it worsens the current situation. The medical centers guide the infected people and this helps them to recover soon. WHO is the best organization that serves the public and it is one among the voluntary organization that helps the people affected by deadly diseases. Theoretical Issues As a culture expert I must decide on the investigations and early tests that would reveal the number of people affected by RTF. Preli minary tests should be conducted to find out the number of people affected by this virus. Once the numbers of people are known, it is easy to detect the people who are

Child trama 5 Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Child trama 5 - Annotated Bibliography physical exerciseHowever, the name cites that the extents to which wondering(a) knowledgeable behavior in women are affiliated with exposure to unfavorable experiences in childhood is not well understood (S.D. Hillis 206)This article highlights that these harmful consequences of participation in forged sexual behaviors are disproportionately higher in women than men, which might be influenced by several factors like biologic factors. The study claims that biologically women are more susceptible to sexually transmitted infections and likeliness of asymptomatic infections that cadaver undetected for long. Therefore, they are at higher risk of complications than men (S.D. Hillis 206).The article study outlines outcomes affiliated with risky sexual behavior in women that includes sexual transmission of more than 25 infectious organisms, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, abortion, infertility, still let , violence related trauma, death etceter a. In addition, the study outlines that the women engaging in risky sexual behavior risk their unborn suffering such effects as low birth weight, prematurity, pneumonia, neural damage, ocular infections or heretofore death (S.D. Hillis 206).This article further evaluates a study question carried out to determine adverse childhood experiences on about 5,060 female members of a managed care organization. The search revealed information of s level off categories of harmful childhood experiences the women underwent namely emotional, physical, or sexual abuse or even having a battered mother, substance abusing, mentally ill or criminal household members. They concluded that cumulative harmful childhood experiences and such risky behavior as an early onset of intercourse, or even having more sexual partners poses a greater risk of Aids infection (S.D. Hillis 206).The article further highlights that women exposed to multiple types of harmful childhood experiences have 50% increase like lihood

Grade 8- Coursework Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Grade 8- Coursework Questions - Assignment ExampleIn addition, the Catholic Church introduced transmutation which described the changing of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ that occurs at mass during the consecration via the enunciate of the priests. The decision brought sanity in the church in that people practiced how to be holy.Inquisition had the permission to impose fines, imprison people, and condemn unrepentant heretics to death. This discouraged people from preaching false doctrines because they feared fines and imprisonment. In turn, heresy decreased.The Spanish search was very vicious in that it went beyond finding and punishing people pretend of heresy. The Spanish authorities targeted Muslims and Jewish converts to Christianity, accusing them of secretly practicing their former religion. On the other hand, the other inquisition only focused on finding and punishing heretics not converts of other religions.They dedicated themselves to following rescuer invitation to sell all that you posses and give it to the poor. They saw the social roles of the Christian faith as a remarkable part of human beingsitys partnership with God.Persecution is morally wrong because God did not empower human being to end a life of another person. Even if an individual has wronged society or church, they swallow no power to persecute him or her since they have the right to live and only God base judge

Positioning and Differentiation Paper - Health Care Marketing Research

Positioning and Differentiation - Health C be Marketing - seek Paper ExampleThe main objective of the paper is to identify the positioning and differentiation strategies of two healthc are organizations i.e. Cascade Valley infirmary & Clinics and Overlake Hospital Medical Center. The study will also endeavor at finding similarities and differentiating aspects between the two health trouble organizations. Differentiation and Positioning Strategies of Overlake Hospital Medical Center Overlake Hospital Medical Center is a nonprofit regional medical centre that provides its patients with highly developed medical related services. The organization is monitored by a Board of Directors. The company has nearly 2500 employees and has nearly 1000 busy as wellhead as courtesy physicians as the workforce (Overlake Hospital, 2012). It hatful be mentioned that innumerable strategies are employed by the healthcare organizations in order to keep themselves matched. Overlake Hospital Medical Ce nter located at Belluvue has commenced a cardiac blog. Through this cardiac blog, the organization aims at educating the patients regarding the methods through which heart diseases can be prevented (Overlake Hospital, 2012). ... s been created in order to attract, retain and thus ensure that all the go againsties involved are satisfied with the policies and the strategies of the company. The company has positioned itself as a liaison between nursing, administration along with human resources, nates and community in order to collectively influence the resources, associations and policies so that Overlake Hospital can be pose as one of the most preferred hospitals/employers in the domestic market as well as abroad. Health Grades have offered Overlake Hospital with five-star designation on numerous grounds. Overlake Hospital offers high quality of care and support to the patients who are suffering from malignant neoplastic disease as well as other emergencies. The integrated cancer care team of the hospital generally has one objective which is to offer the patients suffering from cancer with respectable care that has been customized to the unique requirements of each of the patients. The trademark of quality care is compassion, skilled care as well as speed at Overlakes new Emergency & Trauma Center. The unit is considered to be the completely Level III trauma centre on the Eastside (KMPG, 2011). It has been observed that the hospital offers care without counseling and at reduced rates to the patients who are capable of qualifying for charity care as per the rules and the regulations of the hospital. During the course 2010 and 2011, the cost of charity was nearly US$5561000 and US$4507000 respectively (KMPG, 2011). Overlake Hospital as a part of its differentiation strategy offers care to the Medicaid patients at a price which is quite below the cost of offer the services. The hospital is also involved in numerous other activities in order to maintain co mpetitive advantage. It has been apparent that the company is involved in

Abuse of Legal & Ilegal drugs Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Abuse of Legal & Ilegal drugs - Coursework ExampleIt is a reflection of the importance attached to the prevention of drug abuse by the authorities (Columbia Univ., New York, NY. matter Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse. No Place To Hide Substance Abuse in Mid-Size Cities and Rural America, 2001).This article contains the results of a drug abuse survey, which had been conducted by the Partnership for a Drug sluttish America. It deals with the matter that communication between p atomic number 18nts and their children, has on the abuse of prescription drugs. It is an authoritative work on the effect of communication with ones children, in drastically reducing addiction to drugs (Fathers need to talk more than to kids about drugs 6/27/2005, Vol. 17 Issue 25, June, 2005).In order to take on the adventure of teenage drug abuse, the Gallup High School in New Mexico, adopted a number of overbold and innovative measures. Some of these are imparting knowledge of the problems result ing from abuse and the explicit and implicit effects of such(prenominal) abuse. A number of contributing factors like peer pressure, domestic environment and addiction were considered. The author, as the join counselor of that school, has thoroughly studied the problem and has adopted an addict centered approach to the problem (Mulroy, 2007). state of affairs of National Drug Control Policy, Washington, DC. (February, 2007). Teens and Prescription Drugs An Analysis of Recent Trends on the Emerging Drug Threat. 1. Retrieved February 7, 2008, from ECSCO entertain Research Databases. (Document ID ED495769).There is a proclivity, amongst teenagers, towards prescription drugs, in order to become euphoric. The use of prescription drugs is encourage to only that of the use of marijuana. Their use is enhanced by the common fallacy that they can be imbibed safely. OxyContin and Vicodin are the favorites of the teenage drug addict. Moreover, girls abuse prescription drugs more than boys. T he

National General Certificate syllabus Essay Example for Free

subject field General enfranchisement syllabus Essay class compendious subject area General protectionin occupational wellness and prophylacticJanuary 2013Syllabus epitome NEBOSH National General certificate in Occupational wellness and gum elastic (January 2013 specification)Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificatein Occupational health and galosh (January 2013specification) mental synthesisThe syllabus is divided into 3 units. unit NGC1 is further divided into five elements and Unit GC2 into eight elements.Unit NGC1 Management of health and prophylacticElementNumberElement TitleRecommendedhoursPage1Foundations in health and re bloodline642 health and gumshoe waysystems Policy443 health and safety managementsystems Organising654Health and safety managementsystems Planning1155Health and safety managementsystems Measuring, audit and check into96 nominal unit tutorship metre36Recommended private study while23 NEBOSH 20131Syllabus summary NEBOSH Nati onal General Certificate in Occupational Health and golosh (January 2013 specification)Unit GC2Control of movementplace hazardsElementNumberElement TitleRecommendedhoursPage1Workplace hazards and luck keep back872Transport hazards and insecurity condition473Musculoskeletal hazards and risk catch684Work equipment hazards and riskcontrol685Electrical safety396 elevate safety697Chemical and biological healthhazards and risk control6108Physical and psychological healthhazards and risk control310 borderline unit tuition time42Recommended private studytime26 NEBOSH 20132Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Unit GC3 Health and safety matter-of-fact(a) natural coveringRecommendedHoursPageHealth and safety practicalapplication211Minimum unit tuition time2Recommended private studytime4Minimum total tuition time80Recommended total privatestudy time53 wide-cut overall hours133ElementNumber1Element Title NEBOSH 20133Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Unit NGC1Management of health and safetyElement 1Foundations in health and safety encyclopaedism outcomesOn mop up of this element, shadowerdidates should be suit sufficient to indicate understanding of the content with the application of familiarity to old(prenominal) and unacquainted(predicate) situations. In grouchy(prenominal) they should be adapted to analysis the scope and nature of occupational health and safety pardon the moral, societal and economic reasons for maintaining and promoting good standards of health and safety in the employment explain the employment of national governments and out-of-door bodies in formulating a framework for the regulation of health and safety.Recommended tuition time not little than 6 hoursElement 2Health and safety management systems 1 Policy teaching OutcomesOn end of this element, send awaydidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of friendship to familiar and unknown situations. In event they should be able toOutline the find elements of a health and safety management systemExplain the intention and importance of setting policy for health and safety tell apart the key features and appropriate content of an effective health and safety policy.Recommended tuition time not less than 4 hours NEBOSH 20134Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Element 3Health and safety management systems 2 OrganisingLearning outcomesOn culmination of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar with(predicate) situations. In particular they should be able toOutline the health and safety roles and responsibilities of employers, managers, supervisors, workers and other relevant partiesExplain the theory of health and safety culture and its significance in the management of health and safety in an faceOutline the human factors which influence behaviour at work in a way that can affect health and safetyExplain how health and safety behaviour at work can be improvedOutline the need for emergency procedures and the arrangements for contacting emergency services.Recommended tuition time not less than 6 hoursElement 4Health and safety management systems 3 PlanningLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toExplain the importance of planning in the mise en scene of health and safety management systemsExplain the principles and practice of risk judgementExplain the customary principles of control and a basic hierarchy of risk reduction measuresIdentify the key source s of health and safety nurtureExplain what factors should be considered when developing and implementing a safe system of work for general activitiesExplain the role and function of a permit-to-work system.Recommended tuition time not less than 11 hours NEBOSH 20135Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Element 5Health and safety management systems 4 Measuring, audit and reviewLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toOutline the principles, purpose and role of active and reactive monitoringExplain the purpose of, and procedures, for health and safety auditingExplain the purpose of, and procedures for, investigating incidents (accidents, cases of work- tie in ill-health and other occurrences)Describe the legal and organis ational requirements for recording and account incidentsExplain the purpose of, and procedures for, regular reviews of health and safety performance.Recommended tuition time not less than 9 hours NEBOSH 20136Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Unit GC2Element 1Control of international workplace risksWorkplace hazards and risk controlLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toOutline common health, welfare and work environment requirements in the workplaceExplain the risk factors and appropriate controls for violence at workExplain the personal effects of substance misuse on health and safety at work and control measures to cut down such risksExplain the hazards and control measures for the safe movement of people in th e workplaceExplain the hazards and control measures for safe working at heightOutline the hazards and control measures for temporary works.Recommended tuition time not less than 8 hoursElement 2Transport hazards and risk controlLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toExplain the hazards and control measures for the safe movement of vehicles in the workplaceOutline the factors associated with driving at work that increases the risk of an incident and the control measures to reduce work-related driving risks.Recommended tuition time not less than 4 hours NEBOSH 20137Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Element 3Musculoskeletal hazards and risk controlLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be ab le to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toExplain work processes and practices that may draw rise to work-related upper limb disorders and appropriate control measuresExplain the hazards and control measures which should be considered when assessing risks from manual treatment activitiesExplain the hazards and controls to reduce the risk in the use of lifting and locomote equipment with specific reference to manually-operated institutionalize moving equipmentExplain the hazards and the precautions and procedures to reduce the risk in the use of lifting and moving equipment with specific reference to powered load handling equipment.Recommended tuition time not less than 6 hoursElement 4Work equipment hazards and risk controlLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toOutline general requirements for work equipmentExplain the hazards and controls for hand-held toolsDescribe the main mechanical and non-mechanical hazards of machineryExplain the main control methods for minify risk from machinery hazards.Recommended tuition time not less than 6 hours NEBOSH 20138Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Element 5Electrical hazards and controlLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toOutline the principles, hazards and risks associated with the use of electricity in the workplaceOutline the control measures that should be taken when working with electrical systems or exploitation electrical equipment in al l normal workplace conditions.Recommended tuition time not less than 3 hoursElement 6Fire hazards and controlLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toDescribe the principles of give the sack initiation, classification and spreadOutline the principles of fire risk assessmentDescribe the basic principles of fire prevention and the prevention of fire spread in buildingsOutline the appropriate fire alarm system and fire-fighting arrangements fora simple workplaceOutline the factors which should be considered when implementing a successful riddance of a workplace in the event of a fire.Recommended tuition time not less than 6 hours NEBOSH 20139Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Element 7Chemical and biological health haz ards and riskcontrolLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toOutline the forms of, the classification of, and health risks from exposure to hazardous substancesExplain the factors to be considered when undertaking an assessment of the health risks from substances commonly encountered in the workplaceDescribe the use and limitations of occupational exposure limits including the purpose of long term and short term exposure limitsOutline control measures that should be used to reduce the risk of ill-health from exposure to hazardous substancesOutline the hazards, risks and controls associated with specific agentsOutline the basic requirements related to the safe handling and storage of waste.Recommended tuition time not less than 6 hoursElement 8Physical and psychological health hazards and riskcontr olLearning outcomesOn completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In particular they should be able toOutline the health effects associated with exposure to noise and appropriatecontrol measuresOutline the health effects associated with exposure to vibration and appropriate control measuresOutline the principal health effects associated with ionising and non-ionising radiation and basic protection techniquesOutline the meaning, causes and effects of work-related stress and appropriate control actions.Recommended tuition time not less than 3 hours NEBOSH 201310Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Unit GC3Health and safety practical applicationLearning outcomes give the ability to apply knowledge of the unit NGC1 and GC2 syllabus, by successful completion of a health and safety i nspection of a workplaceComplete a report to management regarding the inspection with recommendations.ContentThis unit contains no additional syllabus content. However, completion of study for unit NGC1 and GC2 is recommended in order to undertake the practical application unit GC3.Link to examination unit(s)Unit GC3 is not normally offered independently of the taught elements. Students will normally be required to complete the GC3 assessment at heart 10 working days (before or after) of posing the examination for Units NGC1 and/or GC2. NEBOSH 201311Syllabus summary NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety (January 2013 specification)Unit AssessmentUnits NGC1 and GC2 are taught units each assessed by one two-hour written examination. all(prenominal) examination consists of ten short-answer questions and one long-answer question. All questions are compulsory.Candidate scripts are marked by external examinersappointed by NEBOSH.Unit GC3 is assessed by a practical assessment the time to complete the assessment is not restricted but candidates should aim to complete the inspection and the report within two hours. This is held on a date set by the course provider and must be taken within 10 working days of a written examination. The practical assessment is internally assessed by the courseprovider and externally moderated by NEBOSH.Further detailsThe full syllabus and further information regarding the practical unit is available in the NEBOSH Guide to the qualification available for purchase via the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).NEBOSH National General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety Version 1Specification date January 2013Syllabus summary publication date September 2013The National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health (NEBOSH), Dominus Way, Meridian Business Park, Leicester LE19 1QW.Registered Charity Number 1010444TelephoneFaxEmailWebsite+44 (0) 116 263 4700+44 (0) 116 282 4000emailprotectedwww.neb osh.org.ukNGC SS180913 NEBOSH 201312

The Origin Of Rice Essay Example for Free

The Origin Of Rice EssayKernels- a whole seed grain, as of wheat or corn small piece Wandering- moving from graze to place without a fixed plan roaming rambling Banquet- a lavish meal feast a ceremonious public dinner, especially one honoring a person, benefiting a charity, etc. Winnow- to free (grain) from the luminance particles of chaff, dirt, etc., especially by throwing it into the air.1. Whenever you hear the phrase the wandering Jew, that is an allusion to a person who seems to be travelling round-the-clock and without direction. 2. Before the colonizers came, our ancestors believed in deities such as Bathala.3. To prepare the palay for consumption, farmers also winnow them in order to call for the outer covering.4. The former first lady relived the glory of her reign as first lady of the pastoral when during her birthday, she hosted a big banquet for her many guests.5. The tray containing kernels of corn and nuts was passed around so that the guests have something to bray while waiting for the main course to be served. Comprehension Guide1. Why was rice not known to the Filipinos before?Because they rely on the gifts of nature and tilling of soil is unknown.2. What is a balangay?It a gathering of people animateness together and it commonly known today as barangays.3. What kind of relationship did gods and familiar human beings have before? Gods and ordinary human beings has a close relationships wherein they gods interact with humans destiny them to survive4. What is the most important benefit of knowing how to plant rice to our ancestors? It improved their way of living and they were able to stay at one place surviving not only by depending on the gift of nature but also to what they themselves have raised.

Global Warming Essay Example for Free

Global Warming quizGlobal melting causes changes in the grounds weather patterns that have disastrous effects. Global warming or anthropogenic international warming is defined as the gradual increase in the earths surface temperature. One of the major causes for this phenomenon has been attri excepted to the increase in the quantity of certain gases in the ambience that cause the greenhouse effect. The radiation received from the sun by the earth is retransmitted by the earth into space, only if the wavelength of the retransmitted radiation is greater than that of the incident radiation. The gases present in the atmosphere absorb this radiation and this action closures in increasing the earths temperature. Carbon dioxide is the predominant greenhouse gas. Some of the new(prenominal) greenhouse gases ar water vapor, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydroflouro cokes, perfluoro cokes and chlorofluoro snows. Industrialization and deforestation are the chi ef factors that have caused this increase of ampere-second dioxide in the atmosphere. Further, the ever increasing emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are modifying the composition of the atmosphere, thereby leading(a) to global climatic changes.For instance, the period 1995 to 2006, was witness to the warmest atmospheric temperatures. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change or the IPCC had estimated in the year 2001 that the linear warming impulsion from 1906 to 2005 of 0. 74? C was higher than the corresponding trend for the period from 1901 to 2000 when it was only 0. 6? C (Webb, Barlow, Whetton, May 2007). Moreover, the increase in global temperatures has wrought general climatic changes. The melting of glaciers and glassful deposits near the poles and the thermal expansion of the oceans has brought about an increase in the sea level.Heavy rains are being caused collect to the changes in the patterns of precipitation and an increase in the number of hurricanes was observed. In addition, an increase occurred in the average intensity and duration of these hurricanes, due to the correlation of hurricanes with the surface temperatures of the tropical seas. Furthermore, other natural catastrophes equal floods, droughts, heat waves and tornadoes exhibited intensification in their duration and cycles. In addition, global warming causes changes in country output, glacier movements and summer stream flows and the extinction of certain species.Other concomitant causes are the spreading of infectious diseases like malaria. Scientists predict that the effects of global warming would last up to the year 2100 because carbon dioxide would persist from fifty to two hundred years (Cause and effect for global warming). Deforestation is one of the main(prenominal) reasons for the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, because trees convert most of the carbon dioxide to oxygen. In addition, burning of fossil fuels increases the amou nt of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.For instance, in the year 1987 a large area of the Amazon rain forest was burned cut back and this burning released nearly five hundred tons of carbon dioxide into the earths atmosphere. Further the conflagrant of forests would conduce in a reduction of the number trees, which would increase the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere and thereby resurrect the greenhouse effect. Modern civilization entails the use of cars, power stations and industrialization, which are factors that contribute to global warming. The main contributors to this process of global warming are the United States, the European counties and China (Global Warming).In addition to carbon dioxide, which comprises more than half of the greenhouse gases, there are other gases that also contribute to the greenhouse effect. Methane is released due to activities like coal mining, oil excavations and the burning of fossil fuels. Agriculture is the chief contributor of methane and cattle go bad methane into the atmosphere when they chew their food. As the world population increases, the activities of agriculture are also increased thereby the emissions of methane also increases.Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas that is emitted during the burning of fossil fuels. Chlorofluorocarbons are emitted by standard pressure conditioners, refrigerators and aerosols and their molecules are ten thousand times more effective in absorbing heat than carbon dioxide molecules. Moreover, they survive for a hundred and ten years in the atmosphere (Global Warming). Oceans absorb carbon dioxide, but when the oceans heat up their ability to absorb carbon dioxide diminishes. Moreover, methane, which is located in the ocean bed, is released due to the warming of the oceans.Global warming raises temperature levels and it has been observed that the temperature at poles rises more than that of other regions on the earth. This causes the melting of glaciers and ice at the poles, wh ich would further raise the sea level. Occurrences of storms and hurricanes become more frequent due to global warming, because the heated oceans uprise more water vapor. Continental farmlands suffer a greater depletion of water due to the heavy vaporisation and there is decrease in the groundwater levels. These factors serve to increase the possibility of droughts.Due to the melting of the polar ice caps the sea level may rise by twenty to fifty centimeters by the year 2050, which would result in the inundation of the coastal areas (Global Warming). In order to overcome the problem of global warming it is inborn to contain fossil fuel combustions, ban the use of CFCs completely and plant more trees. Energy preservation will help to diminish fossil fuel burning and efforts have to be made to regain alternate transportation modes that will replace petrol and diesel fuelled cars. Moreover, cars that meet the eco friendly standards only should be manufactured.Deforestation should b e completely stopped and afforestation should be initiated on a war footing. In the absence seizure of such measures, the future of this planet is grim and life would be seriously endangered.References Cause and effect for global warming. (n. d. ). Retrieved September 9, 2007, from http//timeforchange. org/cause-and-effect-for-global-warming Global Warming. (n. d. ). Retrieved Septeber 9, 2007, from http//www. ypte. org. uk/docs/factsheets/env_facts/glob_warm. html Webb, L. , Barlow, S. , Whetton, P. (May 2007). Climate Change Raises the Heat on Wineries. Australasian Science , Vol. 28, disclose 4 Pg 20.

Eating Disorders Research paper Essay Example for Free

feeding Disorders Research paper Essay eating derangements atomic number 18 considered critical attitudes, emotions, and eat behaviors. Minimized food intake, over alimentation, and the perceptions of body character, weight, and shape are many manikins. in that location toilet be contributing factors and influences that develop the idea of an consume disorder. There are cardinal types of alimentation disorders, rip have disorder, anorexia nervosa, and binge-eating syndrome nervosa. The two approximately common forms are anorexia nervosa and binge-eating syndrome nervosa. t eithery to the discipline Eating Disorder connexion, 25% of girls 12-18 years old were reported to be engaged in subtle food and weight behavior And in men and boys, match to the website nimh. nih.gov, one in four preadolescent cases of Anorexia occurs in boys, and binge-eating disorder affects females and males ab forth equally.While the causes arent concise, some donations merchant sh ip be cultural, ain characteristics, focus rasets or disembodied spirit changes, family, peers, and media. Individuals of let loose self-esteem or touch sensationing useless(prenominal) gouge be a man-sized contribution. For most adolescents they angle to compare themselves to others and they basin develop an eating disorder because of this aspect. For example if their friends call for an eating disorder they may develop one because they want to fit it. near adolescents washbasin develop an eating disorder from a stressful event such as teasing, transition from affection school to high school, or a to a greater extent than traumatic event like rape. Families chiffonier even contribute to a teen developing an eating disorder. If parents are fighting a lot or may be considering divorce, this can be stressful and some adolescents handle it by non eating or induce vomiting as a means to obtain control over their parents in the household or gain back the attention.If th e adolescent seems to feel like their life is spiraling out of control, they may feel like an eating disorder is a way to gain that control back. as well as family studies show that anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorders do run in families. The heritability of anorexia nervosa is around 60%, and of bulimia nervosa can be 28 and 80%. For binge eating disorder currently it is 41%. agree to some studies conducted acrosscountries eating disorders can be influenced by genetic factors. Another large contribution to eating disorders is our societal views. According to the National Eating Disorder affiliation, we develop these ideas, beliefs, and attitudes virtually what is acceptable according to our culture.To put this into perspective if our culture says your beautiful when you skinny, then some commonwealth believe that if theyre not skinny, they arent beautiful. Essentially since girls are generally valued for their appearance, they are likely the ones to in ternalize this idea into their belief process. The media also plays a role in the cultural and societal acceptance. A couple of examples that are truly common are models and movie stars. Most often models are in every(prenominal) magazine, on every b severelyboard, and in most commercials. Even T.V. shows like Americas Next Top Model gives children at a young age what the idea of beautiful is. Most movie stars arent overweight, which generally can contribute to both males and females universe self-conscious about what the ideal appearance should be.There are deuce-ace kinds of aspects that deal with the maturation of an eating disorder behavioral, mental, and sensual. The National Eating Disorder Association explains the more we counseling on conceits and feelings of our weight and how we look the more we may be missing out on life overall. When we focus on weight and body image, it can become an obsession, which can contribute to emotional and physical issues. The mental aspect of an eating disorder focuses on the opinion of yourself or your self- esteem. Self-esteem and body image both go hand in hand when it comes to ones body. Eating disorders not notwithstanding deal with the mental and behavioral aspects, but those of physical as well can contribute. Anorexia and Bulimia can convey to serious health fusss such as kidney failure, heart problems, dehydration, and in excessive cases malnutrition, which can lead to death. A study by the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders reported that, The mortality rate associated with Anorexia nervosa is twelve clock higher than the death rate associated with all causes of death for females 15-24 years old. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder in which results in thinness through starvation.It has the highest mortality rate of any psychological disorder, although we know petite about the causes of this disorder. for the most part the standard cause of death allows botheffec ts of starvation and self-annihilation. This is disorder is also known as a visible eating disorder, because most are noticeably thin, although some hide their thinness with big clothes or wearing layers. During this time this individual is not maintaining a normal or well-grounded weight for their age, height, or gender. Anorexia nervosa tends to sire two forms first being starvation or restricting. These individuals reduce their thermal intake and increase physical activity to maintain an abnormally low weight. When your body goes into starvation mode, it can alter your body. The second form is either binge eating, purging, or can be both.When anorexia nervosa is in its primeval stage these behaviors were seen in over half of the individuals. During anorexia nervosa a person can come to weigh less than 85% of the ideal body weight. Anorexia tends to occur during early adolescence or 10-12 years old. People who wound from anorexia suffer from not only physical illness, but ps ychiatric too. Some include cognitive impairment, body-checking, low self-esteem, self-absorption, ritualistic behaviors, extreme perfectionism, and self-consciousness. The two most common psychiatric illnesses with anorexia are depression and anxiety. Some physical symptoms that may occur or develop over time are electrolyte imbalances (sodium and potassium levels), osteoporosis (decreased bone density), lanugo hair, dry breakable hair, low body temperature, low blood pressure, slowed heart rate, growth retardation, bloating, constipation, fid realizeing, and liberation of tooth enamel and dentin, and dehydration.However, the official diagnosis of anorexia nervosa in females requires the absence of menstruation (amenorrhea), for at least three consecutive months. The deficiency of menstruation is a normal response to starvation and weight loss and the body will then shut trim the reproductive functions. Treatment plans of Anorexia nervosa often depend on the individuals needs w hich may include medical care and supervision, nutritional counseling and therapy. If they rescue had severe weight loss, hospitalization is essential to get them back to an appropriate weight. This individual will need assistance in developing new patterns of thought process in their eating patterns. The earlier detected the less interposition necessary. Depending on the individual and the heart and soul of time they have had the eating disorder treatment can take a short or long period of time. Each person varies in the recovering process of the disorder.According to the NationalAssociation of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, Only 1 in 10 men and women with eating disorders receive treatment. Only 35% of people that receive that treatment for eating disorders get treatment at a specialized facility for eating disorders. Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder that is characterized by a binge and purge pattern. Unlike Anorexia, people who have Bulimia can be at a normal weight range, but still have that fear of weight gain and they are generally very unhappy with their body image, shape, and size. It is also an unseeyn eating disorder, because individuals are usually of normal weight or over-weight. It can be difficult to mark a caloric intake on a binge, but most agree around 1,000 calories is the minimum however it can be up to 20,000 calories. Bulimia, unlike Anorexia, usually occurs during late adolescence or early adulthood, about 18-22 years old. These individuals persistently follow the pattern of binging in combination with some form of compensatory behavior, which is intended to run off the effects of the binge or prevent weight gain.Compensatory behaviors include actions such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other agents, fasting, and excessive exercise. The behavior of Bulimia may not be obvious because they do it in secrecy, because they feel a sense of shame and sickness of what they did. This pattern of binging and purging most likely occurs several(prenominal) times a week. Some data addresses a theory that individuals born after 1960 are at greater risk for the disorder, because it is more of a modern occurrence than anorexia. Usually more common in urban areas which suggests that environmental exposure and social learning play a role in the development of this disorder. This disorder is 9 times more common in females than males. Coincidentally, people with Bulimia also have psychiatric and physical aspects. It is estimated that 80% of individuals with bulimia have another psychiatric disorder.The psychiatric features are depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, extreme perfectionism, self-consciousness, irritability, brainish spending, shoplifting, and may or may not have substance abuse problems, although the most common are anxiety disorders, major depression, substance use, and temper disorders. The two most common personality features those similar to those who have anorexia nervosa, perfectionism and low self-esteem. People with bulimia are likely to be more impulsive and have higher stimulus or sensation-seeking behavior. They also have atendency to exhibit more erratic and impulsive traits. Some physical symptoms of bulimia include dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, kidney problems, inflamed sore throat from purging, acidulous reflux, swollen parotid glands, gastrointestinal complications, irregular menstruation, constipation, bloating, sensitive and decaying teeth and tooth enamel from stomach acids. Like Anorexia the treatment for Bulimia is essential for the individuals health. For Bulimia there are a few more options such as reducing or ending the binging or purging pattern, nutritional counseling, and cognitive behavioral therapy, prescribing medication, and accessing reasons for the illness.About 70% of people who have the disorder of Bulimia recover from it. According to the DSM the criteria is specific for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervo sa. However, most people who have eating disorders do not meet the criteria. There is a variant way of diagnosing these particular individuals which is by the Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS). According to the textbook, Abnormal Psychology the DSM-IV lists six examples of how the symptoms of EDNOS differ from those of the other disorders. Patients may have 1. all features of anorexia nervosa except amenorrhea. 2. all features of anorexia nervosa except drastic weight loss. 3. all criteria for bulimia nervosa except frequency of binge eating or purging or duration of 3 months. 4. regular, inappropriate compensatory behavior after eating small amounts of food. 5. grind and spitting out food (purging disorder). 6. binge eating disorder (binging without compensatory behavior.Binge eating disorder is characterized by regular binge eating behaviors, but without the compensatory behaviors. Binge eating disorder or BED is a recent addition to the DSM, and is not yet an offi cial psychiatric disorder. Since it was a recent addition little is known about its morbidity and mortality. Some research indicates that a person can be ill with BED for approximately 14.4 years which may suggest that BED is not just a short stage. The two most common forms of psychiatric disorders are depression and anxiety like most other eating disorders. Of females 3.5% meet the criteria of BED and of males 2%. BED is also found in approximately 5 to 8% of obese individuals. Eating disorders in females and males as discussed are not generally similar. In anorexia nervosa women and girls are more common to have this disorder than men and boys, essentially the ratio being 9 to 1. umteen different theorieshave been presented as to why it affects women more than men. The most efficient theory is believed to be the change magnitude pressure on females to have the ideal appearance or the perfection of the female body. Even though bulimia nervosa is also approximately 9 to 1, women to men can be somewhat sex-biased.Men tend to rely on nonpurging forms of compensatory behavior after binge eating, rather use excessive exercise. It is male athletes that feel pressured to remain thin and fit and focus on their weight and body shape excessively. For binge eating disorder the sex ratio is equally balanced. The developmental factors of eating disorders can assist in ascertain the causes as well. In anorexia nervosa it generally uncommon during childhood, although it is occurring increasingly. Bulimia nervosa is usually seldom conveyed before puberty. In anorexia nervosa the disorder itself and the associated symptoms can lead to isolation from peers and family. It can also have negative effects on the family emotionally and financially. The parents especially undergo extreme anxiety and struggle to understand why their children are doing this to themselves and their body. All this stress and financial difficulties with the expense of treatment can weaken or ruin a familys functioning. For bulimia girls who develop mature figures earlier than their peers may develop disappointment, which can lead to earlier experimentation to introduction controlled eating and weight, which could very well increase the risk of an eating disorder.Binge eating generally begins in late adolescence or early adulthood. There are many treatments for eating disorders, the treatment goals for individuals with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder differ somewhat, although there are some aspects in common. The treatment goal of anorexia nervosa are increased caloric intake and weight gain so later treatments for psychological aspects of this disorder can be dealt with more effectively. For bulimia nervosa the focus is on the normalization of eating, liquidation of binge eating and purging, and profit of the psychological aspects of the disorder as well. For binge eating disorder individuals who are overweight the goal is to elimination of bing e eating and normalization of eating. Also either weight stabilization or weight loss can be effective. In anorexia nervosa in enduring treatment can be accomplished by having a disciplined team to succeed.The first and most important step is weight restoration. Weight is generally not the onlyfactor to consider some other crucial factors such as medical complications, suicide attempts or plans, failure to improve with outpatient treatment, interference with school, work, or family, and pregnancy. Inpatient treatment is very difficult for the patient and the family as the patient is feared of giving up the symptoms, essentially the patient could have developed a phobia of food. It is important for the doctor to create a safe(p) environment to make the patient feel safe and to also obtain the patients trust to make the hospitalization a success. Biological treatments include medications to assist in the cure of the disorder or assist in decreased symptoms of the disorder. Medication s prescribed for anorexia nervosa have shown to be ineffective currently. In bulimia nervosa fluoxetine (Prozac) has been known to decrease the core symptoms of binge eating and purging and associated psychological features such as depression and anxiety. The FDA approved the treatment of fluoxetine for the treatment of bulimia nervosa, but for no other eating disorders.Although fluoxetine reduces the symptoms it is still not found to reduce or have durable remission on long-lasting effects. A treatment that is necessary but not a enough intervention for all eating disorders is nutritional counseling. An additional treatment that helps individuals change their thinking patterns that contribute to their problem is cognitive-behavioral therapy or (CBT). Recovery rates with CBT wavy from 35-75% at five or more years of follow-up. For anorexia nervosa some evidence suggests that CBT may reduce relapse in adults after weight has been restored. However its undecipherable how effective CBT is with individuals who are extremely underweight. For bulimia nervosa the basis of CBT is self-monitoring. The individuals keep track of what they eat, the situation they were in, and their thoughts and feelings. CBT focuses extensively on relapse prevention for all eating disorders. It is also an effective treatment for a binge eating disorder.Binge eating disorders may first be offered a help-book or an online cognitive-behavioral program online to use at their own pace. For the family theories of anorexia nervosa a family-based intervention is directed to change the dysfunction of the family. This therapy can assist the family in being around healthier and a place to have open communication. Some modern approaches to family therapy for anorexia nervosa include conjoined family therapy, separated family therapy, parent training, and the Maudsley method,which focuses on parental control of the initial stages of renutrion. The seven values include operative with experts who k now how to help you, working together as a family, to not blame your child or yourself for the problems you are having, focusing on the problem before you, not debating with your child about eating or weight-related concerns, knowing when to begin backing off, and taking care of yourself because you are the childs best hope.In conclusion I have discussed and explained the three types of eating disorders anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. I explained what factors can contribute to the development of an eating disorder. I deliberated three aspects of eating disorders such as the mental, behavioral, and physical. The analyzed the three eating disorders and gave a definition for each. I gave various personalities and other psychological dysfunctions that can come along with eating disorders. I expressed the sex ratios and developmental factors of eating disorders and explained the contributing factors for each. Also in discussing the symptoms of eating disorde rs lastly I identified some treatments that can assist in reducing symptoms and essentially preventing relapse. Some treatments that were acknowledged are inpatient treatment, biological treatments, nutritional counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and family-based interventions.Works CitedAbout eating disorders. (n.d.). Retrieved from National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders website http//www.anad.org/get-information/about-eating-disorders/bulimia-nervosa/ Body Image Loving Yourself Inside and Out. (n.d.). Retrieved from The National Womens Health Information Center website http//www.womenshealth.gov/bodyimage/eatingdisorders/ Eating Disorders. (2008). Retrieved from National Eating Disorder Information Centre website http//www.nedic.ca/ Eating Disorders anorexia nervosa, binge eating, and bulimia nervosa. (n.d.). Retrieved from U.S. Library of Medicine, U.S. segment of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health website www.nlm.nih.gov/me dlineplus/eatingdisorders.html Eating disorder statistics. (n.d.). Retrieved from

Psychology and Research Essay Example for Free

mental science and Research Essay1. There atomic number 18 various methods in psychological search, both qualitative and vicenary. Among them atomic number 18 field experiment, which is more qualitative and the statistical survey which, as the name suggests, a highly quantitative approach. Field experiment is a scientific method in research approach where the researchers (psychology-related researchers in this case) prove the participants or the data in the real world rather than doing the research in the laboratory, but each the same, the field researchers have followed the structured approach1 in research. Statistical survey, on the other hand is used to clear quantitative information on a given subject or participant in a population. It involves statistical processes in arranging data for them to be useful information to readers. It is worth noting however that a research r atomic number 18ly relies on a single method alone. Oftentimes, it is a combination of two or mo re methods to make it/the theory or contention stronger and more reliable.2. With the psychosis studies and experiences of R.D. Lang, a psychoanalyst and a innate psychiatrist, he was able to observe his patients for real or on field when he developed his research regarding the subject (psychosis). It is a condition when an individual lost contact with the real world. Psychosis is best described by broad diagnostic opinions such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, and that these concepts describe brain diseases that are probably inherited. The task of psychology and its related researches on the subject matter aims to identify neuropsychological abnormalities in patients, in the hope that these might provide clues about the aetiology of the presumed brain pathology. Within this method, there is pocket-size scope for psychological intervention, as it is assumed that brain diseases are unresponsive to this kind of treatment.Another psychological research is the intelligence test of Binet or the currently evolved Stanford-Binet Scale which is one of the psychologically related tests or research where statistical approach may be applied. This method was developed containing the idea of graded tests series, the concept of intelligence and the conception of the fundamental qualities of an intelligence test. It was originally composed of thirty items in increasing difficulty, with assort testees either according to age or gender or any other classification that may be applied. 3 This is where the current IQ Tests evolved.3. When conducting research with human participants, consent and confidentiality4 are the two in truth important aspects of the study. Consent of the subjects should be obtained first to let them be aware of the entire study and allow for let them adjust and not to feel deceived. This will also help the researchers and the participants work together in harmony and will facilitate the entire research process. Aside from these, respect is anoth er reason wherefore consent of the participants must be obtained first. Confidentiality, on the other hand, will secure the safety and honor of the subjects/participants and at the same time will protect the reliability and soundness of the research itself.All the ethical concerns mentioned are generally for the respect of human life, as an individual and in order for the psychology profession be respectable as well. No one can respect the profession if in return, it does not admit how to value the dignity of humans in the case that the latter be a participant or a subject in a psychology-related research.

Paying Collegiate Athletes Essay Example for Free

Paying Collegiate Athletes EssayA college is an educational institution, where scholars live in concert under a common set of rules. A college can be said to be a part of the university, which lack degree-awarding powers. Athletes can be said to be a collection of gasconade events. These looseness events involve running, throwing and jumping, and can also be referred to as track or field jocks (Ar gangt . J, 1975). Athletics is rattling important in colleges and universities, where its benefits argon undeniable. Anyone who is involved in sportsman benefits. Athletics as sports t severally the college athletes skills and experiences that can non be taught in the classroom.These same skills argon extremely helpful when students are looking for a career. Students who hold positions in the sports clubs be hold back leadership skills. In sports students participate as a team. They take hold each other in order to succeed. They are able to learn and practice teamwork, which will assist them in undertaking other activities in their lives. Participation in a sporting event requires the dedication of the participant. with sport events, students develop a sense of dedication to what they do. The commit to win drives the students to work very grievous. They identify aside their magazine and energy to take part in acrobatics.They later learn how to create desire for something and work hard to attain it. Collegiate athletics are found in numerous countries of the world. College athletics in the United States attain the enormo wasting diseasest impact and popularity globally. This is due to a large extent of participation. collect to the great importance and benefits that the college athletics offer, sport events continue to grow. on that point has been a general progression of athletic organizations over era. In recent divisions, a debate over profitsment of college athletes has raised concerns. The debate argues whether college athletes should be salaried or non.Athletes do not receive any compensation even after the instatement of the collegiate athletics. There has been pressure for college athletes to be give. On the other hand, another group of people feel that college athletes should not be paid. There are reasons that delay the view against stipend of college students. More voices are advocating for fee, with convincing reasons. The reasons that support payment of collegiate athletes will be discussed. Implementation of such a move would greatly benefit all the sports participants in colleges. Discussion College athletes need to be paid.One major reason for this is due to the great economic impact that the college athletics create. For example, in the US, college athletics are said to contribute greatly to the American economy. The colleges spend a huge amount of money on their college organizations. The athletes programs in turn generate a large amount of revenue. For example in the sale of tickets and merchan dise it would be very fair consequently for college athletes who are major participants in generating revenues, to get a share of it. The athletes who help colleges make a dissever of money do not get even the smallest share of it.Some look at this as students exploitation. They argue that if colleges benefit or make profit off of student athletes then the athletes should be paid since they helped the college make a lot of profit. In the world over, people believe that one should be paid for the work. Just like an employer, employees are paid according to their productivity. It would be very correct therefore to pay college athletes for their productivity in the sport events. In addition to profits that colleges earn from the sports or games themselves schools officials make a lot of money by marketing their team caprioleers. For example in USA, college students J.J Redick and Adam Morrison Jerseys expect been sold all over the country, bringing in a lot of profits to the colleg e. However, Morrison and Redick do not benefit from the profits earned. This is because they need to protect their status ( Its an observation that college officials have no line making a lot of money for themselves while exploiting ht well known college bringers. Well known mapers have their basketball or football jerseys dominate a market. The team officials make money from the sales, while the athlete himself gets nothing millions of dollars are made off of video game and jersey sales every year (Jean.M. 2001 ). The takeers create great marketing opportunities and do not see any money made from the profits. The fiber of play in a game is very critical for a future career. Paying college athletes helps in improving the quality of play they display during the major college sports. These games require skills and experience for a player to play well. Students who join professional sport clubs without experience and skills may end up being put on the bench. This limits their a bility to gain required experience. This may be as a result of lack of payment if a student plays in a college team.This may ruin the students future sports career. By paying the college athletes, the students are encouraged to play for the college teams for a a great deal longer time. This assists them in acquiring the much needed skills and experience for a future career in sports. Some students are very apt and it only requires practice to perfect their skills. This will also advance the college game because skilled players can stick for much longer. It is considered wrong, for schools to make money off of players, while the players do not benefit at all.When the players are paid, the quality of the college games is improved. This is because it becomes possible to keep borderline professional athletes in the involved colleges. The players can get more(prenominal) money at a professional level due to the already developed skills. Games coaches or officials sometimes demand a lot of time from the players in order to practice. This compromises on the time the players would work or maintain a job. Players who need to support themselves in order to make a financial backing fetch themselves in a difficult situation. They are ton between dynamic in the games or working.If the players are paid, they can be able to put aside the required time for practice and participation in the games. It would make it easy for players to become committed in sports while at the same time earning a living. Gaming companies are given the right to use school names and numbers by colleges. The companies use these names and numbers at a fee to the respective college. The players have every right to venerate money that is made by use of their names and numbers in the college. Players work very hard in sports and games (Athletic Journal. 1987).They commit their time to rain and play at the expense of doing their homework. Though they may dimension between the two their fellow cla ssmates who do not participate in games have more time to study than the players. They dedicate their time and energy in ensuring high quality games. Any hardwork and dedication that a person portrays need to be appreciated and recognized. Paying college athletes would fit so well in recognizing the students efforts in the growth of the game. In addition, to recognizing their efforts, players require to be make in doing their training and playing. want encourages players to be determined even when they lose in a game (Charles. E. 1954). They keep on the trustfulness and hope that there is al musical modes room for improving their skills and quality of the game. Motivation is a great fraction towards success of players. Sometimes players may lose miserably to another team. The players may become discouraged to play since they may seem to believe that there are no benefits in their participation. The sports officials thereby step in to encourage them and train them to rectify forme r mistakes that they committed in the past matches.The players require more than yet words in order to keep working on their skills. The need to motivate college students to work harder and improve their skills boils down to some way of rewarding them. One of the best ways to reward and encourage players would be by paying them. Any game event exposes the players to risks. One of the major risks that players are exposed to is injury. Players when in the pitch are involved in defending their team against losing while at the same time maximizing their chances of winning. This demand some form of aggressiveness to succeed.Aggressiveness means quick movements, tricky play (skills) and effective defense actions. When a player is doing all this, accidents may occur that lead to proboscis injuries. These injuries may require intensive medical examination attention and may be very expensive to pay for the medical dish ups. For example some players get fractured bones, broken joints and tissue damage. Some may even have their body organs impaired. Medication and healing of such body ailments may be too expensive for the players oddly where no medical cover takes care of such accidents.The medical expenses may become an economic lading to the player and family. Paying the players, would therefore play a very big role in rest up of such a burden. It makes it easy for students to get the right medication if injured. Any college trains students on how to acquire skills and knowledge and apply them. Teamwork creates a liven of working together towards success. This spirit is built by organizations and sport clubs in a college. The sport teams and clubs give the students a spirit to be one to work together and to support each other.A good example is the support students give their own team when playing. There is cheering and encouragement from their fellow students who are spectating. Winning a game gives the college students a spirit of supremacy or conquering espe cially if the team wins against a well re-known stronger team. This kind of spirit need to be maintained and encouraged in colleges. Maintaining the quality of game through players in order to keep this spirit burning take a sacrifice. A sacrifice on the sports organizations or officials may clearly translate into paying of the players.The spirit lives on. Colleges appreciate and recognize good players during the sports events. College students spend a lot of money on ticket in order to go and watch their own team play as well as showing their solidarity with the team. College athletes encourage friendship of interests participation. The association that surrounds the college joins students in major sports events and offers their support. The community identifies the college team as belonging to them. Students parents come in big numbers to support their children in the sports events (Patricia.A. 2007). The students and the community are able to interact with each other, which cr eates good relationship between the students and the neighborhood. This promotes harmony and peaceful living in and outside the college. Supporting college athletes consequently results to support of community participation. Paying athletes is the greatest form of support that the players can get. Lack of community participation affects the relationship of students and the community itself. Community participation also encourages community service.The students are able to develop community service programs and later undertake activities that help the community in which they live in for example, cleaning exercises, organizing community programs funds rising and even providing support to disaster victims. This is a great way in which students can show support for the community. As earlier stated, community service will be developed in students, if they have a chance to interact and identify the needs of the community. Interaction through events offers a chance for the students to crea te a good relationship with the community.One way to encourage community service will be through support of college athletics . Paying the students/players may be just one of the effective ways to support athletics. Sometimes an argument is given that college athletes get scholarships. Therefore they have already been paid for their participation and efforts in games. However, other students benefit from scholarships without necessarily participating in the games. Paying college athletes will be a great way to promote justice in the student fraternity. Players feel that they have a right to be rewarded for their efforts.This may even encourage gifted students who are discouraged to participate to change their mind and utilize their talents in athletics. In conclusion, college athletics are very important. These games should be given the seriousness they deserve. The players on the other hand need to be motivated for their hardwork and dedication. They deserve to be rewarded. Exploit ation of college players by the officials or companies need to be stopped. All these measures require payment to the players and players will feel that justice is done to them. The spirit of college athletics will continue growing and so the future career of players.

Birth Control Pills Essay Example for Free

Birth Control Pills proveTeen epoch also referred to as puberty is the age between twelve years and xix and it is one of the slightly crucial stages in life. For many young people, this is one period that presents difficulties for many as it is the epoch they blend in to discover exactly who they ar. They begin to experience certain changes in their body and it is usually at this stage that they realize that there is a difference between a boy and a girl. Of the many issues that the young people discover during puberty is their sexuality.They get to learn how the generative system work and are sensitized that at this age they are capable of being reproductive as their reproductive systems at this point are fully mature. Although sexual intercourse is a reserve of the adults, it is a incident that cannot be refuted that young people, even as young as teenagers are now engaging in the act (Seaman. 54-57). Teenagers are getting sexually active as early as at the age o f ten years. It is for this reason that it has become necessary for the teenagers to be sensitized among crucial issues like methods of protection from maternalism and otherwise sexually inherited diseases.This paper focuses on kindred control pad of papers as one of the methods of contraceptives which is now very general among teenagers (Seaman. 75-77). Birth control anovulatory drugs are tablets whose chemical composition is made up of hormones which are meant to later the chemical formula functioning of the body and specifically the reproductive system. The get control pills just as the name suggests are taken as a precautionary measure to prevent a fair sex from getting pregnant after getting sexually involved with any form of protection (Zonderman.83-86). How it work As already mentioned birth control pills are made up of hormones that are meant to alter the popular functioning of the reproduction system and specifically the ovaries and the uterus. most(prenominal) birth control pills contain a combination of hormones, mainly progesterone and estrogen whose function is to prevent ovulation and consequently prevent stuffing of the egg by the spermatozoan during sexual intercourse. As a result, a woman cannot cin one caseive since no egg was ready(prenominal) for fertilization.The chemicals in these pills also thicken the mucus that normally surrounds the cervix making it extremely difficult for the sperm to swim through to the uterus to reach any eggs that may dedicate been released during ovulation. Sometimes these pills have the consequence of making it hard for the egg to attach itself on the wall of the uterus and thus fertilization becomes impossible (Zonderman. 99-103). Dosage While the dosage of these pills differs depending on the type, most of them are taken for 21 eld or 28 days.This means that a woman is required to take these pills on a daily basis and once one pack of 28 pills is complete, a woman gets her periods. Some pil ls are such that they reduce the frequency at which a woman gets her monthly periods. This means that instead on the normal monthly period being received every month, a woman get period once in three months. Some pills have one hormone (progesterone) instead of the combination of progesterone and estrogen. The effect of such a pill is such that changes the mucus that surrounds the cervix and the lining around the uterus.However this pill has been found to be less effective in prevention of pregnancy in comparison with other birth control pills. For this pill to work it must be taken at the same time everyday without skipping (Watkins. 153-156). Any woman taking the minipill as it is commonly referred to is likely to miss her periods or get them but at irregular frequencies. During the first seven days when a woman begins to use birth control pills it is always advisable to use an additional form of contraception like a preventative to prevent pregnancy.However after the seven day period the birth control pill should be strong enough to prevent pregnancy even without the use of an additional form of contraceptive. However it is essential to agate line that birth control pills only protect a woman from getting pregnant and not from contracting sexually transmitted diseases. This therefore means that even when a woman is using the birth control pills it is important to use guards to protect them from getting sexually transmitted infections. It is also important to note that birth control pills are not to be shared.A person should stick to their pack and neer take pills belonging to a friend even though they are of the same type (Zonderman. 112-116). potentiality Research conducted by medical practitioners indicates that, even though the birth control pills are effective to a large extent, if used for a prolonged period they become ineffective and possibilities of becoming pregnant are high. This is because, just like any medicine, when the pills are used f or lengthy periods, the body tends to develop resistance against the pill and thus the in potential.However this largely depends on how disciplined one is in taking the pills on a daily basis. Skipping taking the pills increases the chances of getting pregnant. In general the effectiveness of birth control pills is dependent on a number of factors including any inhibiting factor, for example intake of some medication may interfere with the effectiveness of birth control pills. How properly the pills are taken (without skipping) also determines the effectiveness of the pills (Watkins.175-178). Side Effects undecomposed like all others types of medication, birth control pills have various posture effectuate. Some of the most common side effects of these pills include nausea, irregular menstrual cycle and change in moods. However these side effects are rarely felt and those who experience the side effects, they are only mild cases. Most of these side effects fade away with time and especially after the first three months most women no longer experience the side effects of these pills.Some of the most likeable side effects among teenagers of birth control pills include reduction the flow of the monthly periods so that they become lighter and reducing cramps that come with the monthly periods. In addition these pills have been said to offer protection from anemia, cancer of the ovaries and some diseases that affect the breast (Zonderman. 135-137). Conclusion Although birth control pills play an important role in belongings away unwanted pregnancies, it is important to remember that they do not protect one from sexually transmitted diseases like AIDS which has no cure.Abstinence especially among teenagers is the only sure to keep STDs and unwanted pregnancies at bay. If one has to engage in sexual intercourse then perhaps use of a condom may be advisable. Work cited Seaman. B. The doctors case against the pill. New York Doubleday, 1980. Watkins, E. Siegel. On t he Pill A Social business relationship of Oral Contraceptives, 1950- 1970. Baltimore, Md New York Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998. Zonderman. J. Birth control pills, New York Chelsea House, 2006.